[Sara Damiano]

The ESP32 does.  It’s also a currently supported product and very widely available.  You can get very cheap ESP32 breakout boards in a variety of shapes and sizes.  There are several flavors depending on how much power you need, but they can all do a basic secure post request.  You could even use the older, even cheaper ESP8266.

If you’re using something else as the “brain” and only want to use the ESP32 (or ESP8266) as a blind modem, flash it with AT firmware and use TinyGSM.  Check out the Web Client example for a hand-made post request.  This is probably similar to what you were doing with the S6B.  If all you need is sever certificate verification, that example should be all you need.  If you need client certificate or mutual verification, I wrote up an example here of uploading new certificates to the module.  You only need to upload the certificates once.

You can get a lovely ESP32 in Bee format with AT firmware pre-flashed here:  https://www.envirodiy.org/product/envirodiy-esp32-bee-wifi-bluetooth/

If you don’t want to use a second board as the brain, there are zillions of examples on the web of people using ESP32’s to do all kinds of cool things.  They’re very heavily used in home automation and are quite powerful.  Buy any breakout format you want.

[Sara Damiano]

No. The S6B (wifi) does not support secure clients.

[Sara Damiano]

From your error messages, it looked like you have mismatched versions of libraries.  I’m not sure how permissions are set up on your PC, but typically the Arduino libraries would be stored in a personal user folder that you could change at will.

https://support.arduino.cc/hc/en-us/articles/4415103213714-Find-sketches-libraries-board-cores-and-other-files-on-your-computer

[Sara Damiano]

How and when did you download all of your libraries?

[Sara Damiano]

Are you using anything else from the Modular Sensors library? Post your entire sketch as code (use the <> button to post as code)?  Are you setting the host and port for the mqttClient? (mqttClient.setServer(ip, port)) Use your local IP there.  If you do that, I don’t see why you’re not getting a connection even with the bad DL setting in the extraModemSetup function. The correct DL should be set by PubSubClient when it connects because it will call client.connect(ip, port) on the client created by modemXBWF.createClient(); That client is a TinyGSM object which should properly set DL using XBee command mode.

If you don’t need the power on/power off via pins that are in the DigiXBeeWifi class, use a TinyGSMModem/TinyGSMClient object directly.  There’s no need for that fake client thing. TinyGSM does all the work of converting the xBee into a client and provides you with the functions to connect to the network and a host so you don’t need XCTU.

The reason the extraModemSetup forces DL to 0.0.0.0 is to force the Bee to grab a new IP address each time. Doing that means that you *can’t* use XCTU – which is the “bug.” But the reason that’s done is that the WiFi bee tends to get stuck thinking it has an open socket to an IP address if it has one in memory – even if the module isn’t connected to the internet.  Sorry, it took me a bit of thinking to remember why that was done.  This is not a bug that should be fixed.

If you’re going to leave your Mayfly and XBee fully powered the whole time you program is running and you’re confident that your never going to lose the internet or socket connection and you’re comfortable with XCTU, then you may be fine with your faked client.

[Sara Damiano]

Ooooh.. yup, there’s a bug in DigiXBeeWifi.cpp.  I’ll look into it.

Exactly which version of the library are you using (release, master branch, develop branch)?

For now, you may be able to get it working by commenting out lines ~303-310 in src/modems/DigiXBeeWifi.cpp, the section starting with “set the destination IP to 0”

[Sara Damiano]

If that doesn’t compile for you, update your TinyGSM library or just delete lines 87-92 to remove the forceModemBaud command, which needs the version of TinyGSM within the last few weeks.

It it’s working for you, comment out the section that resets the modem to defaults (lines 107-126) and run it one more time to get the modem to 9600. It should stay at that baud through power cycling.

[Sara Damiano]

Use 3.3V to power the WiFi bee and make sure that you’re adapter uses 3.3V logic.  The 0.5A most USB ports can provide should be enough for the WiFi bee without browning out.  You are seeing the lights on the bee go on, right?

This script worked for me to force the baud rate on three different WiFi Bee’s.  The script forces the baud rate and then factory resets the board and then forces the baud rate again – over and over, just to show it works.  Don’t run it long; you could wear out the bee’s flash if you let it run forever.

Arduino

#include <Arduino.h> #define TINY_GSM_MODEM_ESP32 // See all AT commands, if wanted // WARNING: At high baud rates, incoming data may be lost when dumping AT // commands #define DUMP_AT_COMMANDS // Define the serial console for debug prints, if needed #define TINY_GSM_DEBUG Serial // Range to attempt to autobaud // NOTE: DO NOT AUTOBAUD in production code. Once you've established // communication, set a fixed baud rate using modem.setBaud(#). #define GSM_AUTOBAUD_MIN 9600 #define GSM_AUTOBAUD_MAX 921600 #ifndef TARGET_BAUD #define TARGET_BAUD 9600 #endif #include <TinyGsmClient.h> #ifdef DUMP_AT_COMMANDS #include <StreamDebugger.h> StreamDebugger debugger(Serial1, Serial); TinyGsm modem(debugger); #else TinyGsm modem(SerialAT); #endif bool flip = true; void setup() { Serial.begin(115200); delay(100); Serial.println(F("Starting force baud test in 1s...")); digitalWrite(18, HIGH); digitalWrite(A5, HIGH); delay(1000); modem.streamClear(); // Clear any junk in the stream from startup } void loop() { // put your setup code here, to run once: uint32_t modemBaud = TARGET_BAUD; bool baudSet = false; Serial.println(F("\n\n\n==============================")); Serial.println(F("==============================")); if (flip) { Serial.print(F("Attempting to switch baud rate to ")); Serial.print(modemBaud); Serial.println(F(" using a fire-and-hope method...")); Serial.println(F("Assuming modem baud rate is 115200 (default)")); for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 10; i++) { Serial1.begin(115200); delay(50); modem.sendAT(GF("+UART_DEF="), modemBaud, F(",8,1,0,0")); modem.waitResponse(); Serial1.end(); delay(50); Serial1.begin(modemBaud); delay(50); if (!modem.testAT(1500L)) { Serial.print(F("Attempt ")); Serial.print(i + 1); Serial.println(F(" failed to switch baud rate")); } else { Serial.print(F("Attempt ")); Serial.print(i + 1); Serial.println(F(" successfully switched baud rate")); break; } } } else { Serial.println(F("Attempting to force baud rate using forceModemBaud...")); baudSet = modem.forceModemBaud(Serial1, TARGET_BAUD); baudSet &= modem.testAT(); } if (baudSet) { Serial.println(F("Getting modem info to confirm communication is working...")); modem.begin(); String modemInfo = modem.getModemInfo(); if (modemInfo.length() > 0) { Serial.println(F("\n================")); Serial.println(modemInfo); Serial.println(F("================\n\n")); } } if (baudSet) { Serial.println(F("Wait 5 seconds, then factory reset modem to restore default baud rate...")); delay(5000); bool resetSuccess = modem.factoryDefault(); Serial1.begin(115200); delay(350); if (resetSuccess) { Serial.println(F("Modem successfully reset to factory defaults.")); Serial.println(); Serial.println(F("Test AT commands to confirm modem is responding at default baud rate.")); Serial.println(F("On a 8MHz processor, THIS WILL FAIL! When dumping AT commands, you can see the modem is responding but the response will be garbled.")); modem.testAT(1500L); } else { Serial.println(F("Failed to reset modem to factory defaults.")); } } Serial.println(F("Wait 5 seconds before repeating the test...")); delay(5000); flip = !flip; }

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#include <Arduino.h>   #define TINY_GSM_MODEM_ESP32   // See all AT commands, if wanted // WARNING: At high baud rates, incoming data may be lost when dumping AT // commands #define DUMP_AT_COMMANDS   // Define the serial console for debug prints, if needed #define TINY_GSM_DEBUG Serial   // Range to attempt to autobaud // NOTE:  DO NOT AUTOBAUD in production code.  Once you've established // communication, set a fixed baud rate using modem.setBaud(#). #define GSM_AUTOBAUD_MIN 9600 #define GSM_AUTOBAUD_MAX 921600 #ifndef TARGET_BAUD #define TARGET_BAUD 9600 #endif   #include <TinyGsmClient.h>   #ifdef DUMP_AT_COMMANDS #include <StreamDebugger.h> StreamDebugger debugger(Serial1, Serial); TinyGsm modem(debugger); #else TinyGsm modem(SerialAT); #endif   bool flip = true;   void setup() {   Serial.begin(115200);   delay(100);   Serial.println(F("Starting force baud test in 1s..."));     digitalWrite(18, HIGH);   digitalWrite(A5, HIGH);   delay(1000);   modem.streamClear(); // Clear any junk in the stream from startup }   void loop() {   // put your setup code here, to run once:   uint32_t modemBaud = TARGET_BAUD;   bool baudSet = false;   Serial.println(F("\n\n\n=============================="));   Serial.println(F("=============================="));     if (flip)   {     Serial.print(F("Attempting to switch baud rate to "));     Serial.print(modemBaud);     Serial.println(F(" using a fire-and-hope method..."));     Serial.println(F("Assuming modem baud rate is 115200 (default)"));     for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 10; i++)     {         Serial1.begin(115200);       delay(50);       modem.sendAT(GF("+UART_DEF="), modemBaud, F(",8,1,0,0"));       modem.waitResponse();       Serial1.end();       delay(50);       Serial1.begin(modemBaud);       delay(50);       if (!modem.testAT(1500L))       {         Serial.print(F("Attempt "));         Serial.print(i + 1);         Serial.println(F(" failed to switch baud rate"));       }       else       {         Serial.print(F("Attempt "));         Serial.print(i + 1);         Serial.println(F(" successfully switched baud rate"));         break;       }     }   }     else   {     Serial.println(F("Attempting to force baud rate using forceModemBaud..."));     baudSet = modem.forceModemBaud(Serial1, TARGET_BAUD);     baudSet &= modem.testAT();   }     if (baudSet)   {     Serial.println(F("Getting modem info to confirm communication is working..."));     modem.begin();     String modemInfo = modem.getModemInfo();     if (modemInfo.length() > 0)     {       Serial.println(F("\n================"));       Serial.println(modemInfo);       Serial.println(F("================\n\n"));     }   }     if (baudSet)   {     Serial.println(F("Wait 5 seconds, then factory reset modem to restore default baud rate..."));     delay(5000);     bool resetSuccess = modem.factoryDefault();     Serial1.begin(115200);     delay(350);     if (resetSuccess)     {       Serial.println(F("Modem successfully reset to factory defaults."));       Serial.println();       Serial.println(F("Test AT commands to confirm modem is responding at default baud rate."));       Serial.println(F("On a 8MHz processor, THIS WILL FAIL!  When dumping AT commands, you can see the modem is responding but the response will be garbled."));       modem.testAT(1500L);     }     else     {       Serial.println(F("Failed to reset modem to factory defaults."));     }   }     Serial.println(F("Wait 5 seconds before repeating the test..."));   delay(5000);     flip = !flip; }

 

[Sara Damiano]

Once you’ve successfully changed the WiFi bee’s baud rate, it will stay at the slower baud. You should only have to reset the baud rate if you factory reset the bee or update it’s firmware – neither of which you can do by accident.

[Sara Damiano]

The WiFi bee should have the AT firmware on it. The problem probably is the baud rate. The default baud rate for the ESP32 (the brain on the WiFi bee) is 115200. That’s too fast for stable communication with the 8MHz Mayfly.  The Mayfly can usually *talk* fairly accurately at 115200, but it can’t listen that fast.  The auto-baud function depends on the Mayfly hearing an ‘OK’ to detect the baud rate so it’s iffy at best.

Assuming you’re using the Monitoring Kit sketch as it is currently on the master branch of the repo, try replacing the auto-baud section with a fire-and-forget attempt to change the baud rate.

That is, replace lines 485-505  with something like this:

C++

#ifdef USE_WIFI_BEE /** Start [setup_esp] */ PRINTOUT(F("Attempting to force the ESP32 to switch from 115200 to 9600 baud..")); modemBaud = 9600; for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 10; i++) { modemSerial.begin(115200); delay(50); modem.gsmModem.sendAT(GF("+UART_DEF="), modemBaud, F(",8,1,0,0")); modem.gsmModem.waitResponse(); modemSerial.end(); delay(50); modemSerial.begin(modemBaud); delay(50);if (!modem.gsmModem.testAT()) { PRINTOUT(F("Attempt"), i, F("failed to switch baud rate")); } else { PRINTOUT(F("Attempt"), i, F("successfully switched baud rate")); break; } } modem.modemWake(); // NOTE: This will also set up the modem /** End [setup_esp] */ #endif

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#ifdef USE_WIFI_BEE     /** Start [setup_esp] */     PRINTOUT(F("Attempting to force the ESP32 to switch from 115200 to 9600 baud.."));     modemBaud = 9600;     for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 10; i++) {         modemSerial.begin(115200);         delay(50);         modem.gsmModem.sendAT(GF("+UART_DEF="), modemBaud, F(",8,1,0,0"));         modem.gsmModem.waitResponse();         modemSerial.end();         delay(50);         modemSerial.begin(modemBaud);         delay(50);if (!modem.gsmModem.testAT()) {             PRINTOUT(F("Attempt"), i, F("failed to switch baud rate"));         } else {             PRINTOUT(F("Attempt"), i, F("successfully switched baud rate"));             break;         }     }     modem.modemWake();  // NOTE:  This will also set up the modem /** End [setup_esp] */ #endif

The WiFi bee does not have a built-in FTDI or other TTL-to-USB converter on it, so to flash it or talk to it directly, you have to use a separate adapter of some kind.  If you do have an adapter, it’s easy to change the baud rate from your PC.  Connect the bee’s TX, RX, power (3.3V!), and ground to your adapter and that to your PC. Set your terminal to 115200, check that you can get an “ok” back from an “AT” and then send the command AT+UART_DEF=9600,8,1,0,0.  After you get an ‘OK’ back from that, stop your terminal, restart it at 9600 and make sure you can get an ‘OK’ after an ‘AT’ at that baud rate.

If you can’t get the modem to respond to anything, it’s possible there is something wrong with your firmware.  The easiest way to flash is using espressif’s Flash Download Tool and the ESP32-WROOM-32 AT firmware binary. The programming UART uses bee pins 18/17 as TX/RX and you need to hold bee pin 9 (ESP32 IO0) low as you apply power to get the ESP into ‘download’ mode where it can accept new firmware . You can’t flash the bee through the Mayfly, you need a direct connection to your computer.

[Author]

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